II – OS Technologies and Architecture
A) Android Technologies
Android is an open-source software stack created for a wide array of devices with different form factors. The primary purposes of Android are to create an open software platform available for carriers, OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers), and developers to make their innovative ideas a reality and to introduce a successful, real world product that improves the mobile experience for users.
We also wanted to make sure there was no central point of failure, where one industry player could restrict or control the innovations of any other. The result is a full, production quality consumer product with source code open for customization and porting.
Android was originated by a group of companies known as the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google.
Today, many companies both original members of the OHA (Open Handset Alliance) and others have invested heavily in Android. These companies have allocated significant engineering resources to improve Android and bring Android devices to market.
The companies that have invested in Android have done so on its merits because we believe an open platform is necessary. Android is intentionally and explicitly an opensource as opposed to a free software effort; a group of organizations with shared needs has pooled resources to collaborate on a single implementation of a shared product.
The Android philosophy is pragmatic, first and foremost. The objective is a shared product that each contributor can tailor and customize.
B. Android Low-Level System Architecture
Before you begin porting Android to your hardware, it is important to have an understanding of how Android works at a high level. Because your drivers and HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) code interact with many layers of Android code, this understanding can help you find your way through the many layers of code that are available to you through the AOSP (Android Open Source Project) source tree. The following Figure shows a system level view of how Android works:
Below is a figure of Android System Architecture .
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